Radiation transport research from 1951 to 1957 converged on a single, transferable mathematical framework capable of treating both neutron and photon transport in matter. Breakthrough formulations introduced practical numerical schemes and network-inspired approaches that improved shielding design, penetration prediction, and energy-deposition analysis across complex geometries. The period unified disparate transport problems under the Boltzmann transport paradigm and related formalisms, enabling systematic design and analysis across radiation environments.